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Bio-Control of Septoria tritici Blotch in Wheat Using Trichoderma Species, in Pakistan
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum spp.) is a staple crop crucial to global food security, especially in regions like Pakistan. However, it faces significant threats from diseases such as Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the fungal pathogen Zymo Septoria tritici. Traditional control methods primarily rely on fungicides, but these have led to environmental concerns and the development of resistant pathogen strains. This study evaluates the potential of Trichoderma species as bio-control agents against STB, aiming to provide a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides. Laboratory experiments demonstrated that Trichoderma harzianum exhibited the highest antagonistic activity against Z. tritici, achieving an 83% inhibition rate after 8 days (192 hours) of incubation. This was significantly higher than the inhibition rates observed for T. viride (73.5%) and T. aureoviride (64.5%). The study also revealed that T. harzianum produced elevated levels of chitinase and glucanase enzymes, contributing to its superior mycoparasitism and pathogen suppression capabilities. The findings suggest that T. harzianum is a promising bio-control agent for managing STB in wheat, offering a sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides. Its integration into disease management programs could enhance wheat productivity while mitigating the environmental and health risks associated with chemical control methods. Further research, including field trials, is recommended to optimize the application of Trichoderma species in diverse agricultural settings.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33866/phytopathol.036.1201
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