INFECTIVITY ASSAYS FOR SOYBEAN AND COWPEA MOSAIC VIRUSES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) and cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) are the well-known virus pathogens which belongs to the family Potyviridae and Comoviridae, respectively. During 2017, a survey was conducted at Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad, for the assessment of disease incidence of both viruses in soybean and cowpea fields and collection of symptomatic samples were collected for mechanical inoculation. The research area was prepared at the College of Agriculture, the University of Sargodha, Sargodha (32.0754° N, 72.41168° E. The seeds of susceptible varieties of both cultivars were collected from Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) and sown in the pots for mechanical inoculation. ELISA test was performed for the confirmation of virus transmission. The effect of reducing agents (chloroform and CCl4) on virus transmission was checked under in in vitro conditions. Aqueous solution of NPK, onion, Salicylic acid (SA), and cow milk was applied for the management of SMV and CPMV. The results showed that the SMV and CPMV are mechanically inoculated by crude sap and reducing agents reduced the efficacy of the virus with the passage of time. The yellow colour appearance of the ELISA plate well indicated the virus presence in inoculated plants. The mean value of disease incidence (38%) indicated that the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was known as good reducing agent than chloroform. The NPK controlled the maximum disease incidence 69.23% followed by SA 30.04 %, Onion 8.04% percent, and Milk 6.66%, positive control 100 along withnegative control zero percent recorded. The aqueous solution of NPK is the most important eco-frindly approach for the management of plant viral diseases.