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EFFICACY OF TRICHODERMA SPP. AGAINST DEATH, WILT AND DIEBACK OF YOUNG OLIVE TREES IN THE NURSERIES
Abstract
Surveys of three nurseries in northwestern Algeria have shown the presence of several cases of withering on olive seedlings.This study aims to confirm the pathogenesis of isolated species mycoflora associated with the young trees in nurseries with the symptom of dieback and wilting. In order to minimize the danger of the use of chemical substances in olive cultivation and establish a successful control strategy for this disease, the biological control potential of Trihoderma spp. isolates derived from rhizospheric soils of intact olive trees against Fusarium oxysporum (FO), Fusarium solani (FS) and Rhizoctonia solani (RS) under laboratory and greenhouse conditions was estimated. The results indicated that the symptoms observed in nursery were the result of a fungal complex comprising several primary and secondary pathogens contributing to the appearance of various symptoms. The results revealed the presence of dieback ranging from 13 to 26%. As regards the biological control test, all isolates of Trihoderma spp. were capable to inhibit pathogens mycelial growth significantly in vivo, the maximumwas recorded with the T4 isolate (78.89%) antifungal activity against FO. Results of greenhouse (in vivo) tests showed that plants injected only with antagonists or in combination with a fungal pathogen had a lower incidence of wilt disease than plants inoculated with a single pathogen. The decrease in the incidence of wilt disease was 80%, 58% and 50% FO, RS and FS respectively compared to the uninoculated control. Our results also showed that the four mixed Trichoderma isolates were able to stimulate plant growth parameters, which mainly resulted in better axial growth and higher biomass.The results obtained under greenhouse, shows the incorporation of Trichoderma directly into soil or composts for nursery soils as preventive and curative treatments.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33866/phytopathol.034.01.0767
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